AKT1 and cancer: The PI3K/Akt pathway is involved in many cellular functions, including protein synthesis, cell cycle progression, cell survival, cell apoptosis, angiogenesis and drug resistance.9 Multiple biological processes, such as cell proliferation, cell metabolism and cell survival, are all regulated by Akt.10 The PI3K/Akt signal pathway mediates cell survival by promoting aerobic glycolysis.11 Most of the cancer cells produce abundant lactate to supply energy, but it is inefficient to generate ATP.