In addition, these proteins are involved in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion insult, and inhibition of their phosphorylation attenuates ischemic brain injury.40-42 Recently, a study also reported that OGD/R increases p-P38 and p-JNK in PC12 cells.42 Similarly, in the present experiment, the levels of p-JNK and p-P38 expression were significantly amplified following OGD/R. The gene discussed is MAPK8; the disease is brain ischemia.