In addition to being elevated in patient brains with familial LRRK2 mutation (Verma et al., 2017), elevated ERK1/2 is also observed in sporadic PD/PDD/DLB (Zhu et al., 2002; Verma et al., 2017), AD (Perry et al., 1999), hypoxia-ischemia (Wang et al., 2003), and in organotypic spinal cord culture models of ALS-related TDP-43 pathology (Ayala et al., 2011). The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.