CX3CR1 and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma: For example, in ccRCC, overexpression of FABP7 reportedly promotes cell growth and predicts poor outcome,[3] high RAB25 expression is associated with poor survival,[4] and enhanced CX3CR1 expression promotes migration and proliferation.[5] Some miRNAs have been associated with survival in ccRCC.[6] Low miR-497 expression reportedly predicts poor survival in ccRCC patients.[7] Long noncoding RNA CADM1-AS1 was also shown to promote growth and migration.[8] However, no single biomarker offers predictability across datasets, due to the genetic heterogeneity of ccRCC.