Previous studies have assessed the association between TGFβ and risk for various forms of cancer, and several meta-analyses have demonstrated that TGFβ is associated with risk for ovarian cancer (Akhurst and Derynck, 2001; Nilsson and Skinner, 2002; de la Cruz-Merino et al., 2009). Here, TGFB1 is linked to ovarian carcinoma.