Therefore, due to the close link between the liver and intestines, our study investigated the effects of Chaihu-Shugan-San on the gut microbiota, SCFA production and its impact on serum and liver lipids, serum LPS, inflammatory markers, and NLRP3 pathways in NAFLD rats. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.