With respect to CHRNA3 rs1051730, compared with the CC homozygote, the CT heterozygote was associated with an elevated risk of lung cancer with ORs being 1.32 (adjusted 95% CI, 1.21–1.44) in meta-analysis of the discovery cohorts and 1.27 (adjusted 95% CI, 1.21–1.33) in replication, while the TT homozygote was associated with increased lung cancer risk with ORs being 1.89 (adjusted 95% CI, 1.67–2.14) in meta-analysis of the discovery cohorts and 1.63 (adjusted 95% CI, 1.52–1.75) in replication. This evidence concerns the gene CHRNA3 and lung carcinoma.