CXCL1 and infection: Our data (Fig 4A) clearly showed that at day 1 after infection, we detected high levels of chemokines involved in both neutrophils and monocyte recruitment to the site of infection (CXCL2, CXCL1, CCL8, CCL4, CCL2, and CXCL1), along with cytokines known to increase macrophage and neutrophil antimicrobial effector functions, such as IFN-γ and IL-12p70 in WT mice (Fig 4A).