Aguirre et al. reported that lipopolysaccharide, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin-1β rapidly and substantially stimulate SUMOylation of RXRα in human hepatocellular carcinoma HuH-7 cells, indicating that SUMOylation of RXRα is involved in the inflammatory signaling pathways [53]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.