This suggests that immunopathologies, such as Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS), that lead to exaggerated levels of IL-1β are unlikely to cause aberrant production of effector cytokines by memory CD4 T cells, since TCR ligation and co-stimulation are necessary to elicit memory CD4 T cell functions. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome.