In a small case-control study by Bauer et al. (2006) a number of chemokines including CXCL10, CXCL13, CXCL9, MCP-1 (CCL2) and CCL8 were found to be increased in patients with SLE compared to controls [13]. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL13 and systemic lupus erythematosus.