As mitochondrial fragmentation is evident in many neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD; Wang et al., 2009), Parkinson’s disease (Van Laar and Berman, 2009), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS; Jiang et al., 2015), and at early stages following reversible ischemic stroke (Barsoum et al., 2006), it will be of considerable interest to determine whether SIRT3 can be harnessed to preserve mitochondrial integrity in these conditions and circumstances. This evidence concerns the gene SIRT3 and Alzheimer disease.