TMPRSS4 and thyroid cancer, nonmedullary, 2: As discussed later in this review, ATC tumors appear to derive from other differentiated tumors and thus possess a large overlap with mutations present in DTCs, such as TMPRSS4. Mutations in certain genes, e.g., CHEK2, are reported in both PTC and FTC, although not with the same prevalence [11, 12], and their potential contribution to TC carcinogenesis is described in the respective paragraphs.