Alternative approaches that target the tumor microenvironment using anti-angiogenic therapies such as antibodies or small molecule inhibitors aimed at the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or its receptor (VEGFR), were the first targeted agents to yield a significant improvement in OS when combined with first-line chemotherapy for metastatic NSCLC. This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and non-small cell lung carcinoma.