Compared with untreated control cells, expression of NLRC4 protein was elevated at 3 h after E. coli infection in WT cells only infected with E. coli (P = 0.027; Figure 4B) but not in WT cells incubated with L. rhamnosus GR-1 alone or pre-incubated with L. rhamnosus GR-1. The gene discussed is NLRC4; the disease is escherichia coli infection.