IL6 and bacterial urinary tract infection: As shown in Table 2, co-administration of XBJ with UTI was superior to single UTI in reducing serum levels of inflammatory cytokines—IL-6 and TNF-α (SMD = −1.45, 95% CI [−1.71, −1.19], P < 0.00001; SMD = −1.11, 95% CI [−1.42, −0.80], P < 0.00001).