The fact that the associations between APOE ε4 status and delayed recall memory (worse in APOE ε4-positive) and TMT-A (worse in APOE ε4-negative) remained significant when adjusting for 18F-AV-1451 or brain atrophy suggests that the relationship between APOE ε4 status and cognition at least partly depends on non-tau-related mechanisms. This evidence concerns the gene APOE and Brain atrophy.