Yet, two recent studies focused on cohorts of women meeting hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) criteria clearly illustrate that a large percentage of germline TP53 mutation carriers may still be missed by current criteria; the two studies reported TP53 PVs in 13 patients overall, half of whom did not clinically meet either classic LFS or Chompret criteria, nor did they present with very early-onset disease [15, 16]. This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome.