The effect of Nup depletion on HIV-1 infection did not always correlate with CA binding; for example, NUP62 knock-down had little effect on HIV-1 infectivity, despite a strong interaction with the CA tubes, while Nup107 bound only weakly to CA tubes (Figure 3), although its depletion did inhibit HIV-1 infection (Figure 8), presumably through effects on other Nups or perturbation of the overall structure of the NPC. Here, NPC1 is linked to HIV-1 infection.