WNT signaling appears to be a downstream target of both INSL3 and androgen in the fetal rat gubernaculum (20, 21), and cryptorchidism and/or gubernacular maldevelopment occur in mice with transgenic deletion of WNT pathway genes, such as Sfrp1/Sfrp2, Wnt5a, Ctnnb, or Vangl2 (16, 22–25). The gene discussed is INSL3; the disease is cryptorchidism.