Previously, increased lipid rafts accumulation has also been observed in monocytes of apoE4 carriers with severe sepsis and has been associated with higher cytokine levels upon ex vivo stimulation with TLR2, TLR4, or TLR5 ligands and increased organ injury as compared to apoE3 carriers69 further supporting the relevance of apoE in humans. This evidence concerns the gene TLR5 and Sepsis.