Possible mechanisms by which dominant Th1 immune responses induce the clinical aspects of preeclampsia are not completely known, but many of the respective Th1 cytokines (TNF-α, IL-2, IL-12, IL-18, and IFN-γ) have been reported to induce apoptosis of trophoblasts (25, 118). The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is preeclampsia.