Strikingly, in leukemia cells, cyclic AMP elevation, that does inhibit their proliferation and enhance their differentiation, has been shown to confer drug resistance and to protect cells against DNA damaging agents-induced apoptosis via PKA-mediated (inactivating) phosphorylation of Ser118 of pro-apoptotic Bad and (activating) phosphorylation of Ser133 of the oncogene CREB (Gausdal et al., 2013; Xiao and Kan, 2017). Here, BAD is linked to leukemia.