Recent studies have implicated the control of metabolic, inflammatory, and proliferative regulatory programs in diseased adventitial fibroblasts in PAH to miR-124 (49, 50) and transcriptional regulators, such as the C-terminal binding protein-1 (CtBP1) (51) and the polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 (PTBP1)-pyruvate kinase muscle (PKM) axis (49). The gene discussed is CTBP1; the disease is pulmonary arterial hypertension.