Besides its beneficial role against diabetes, PPAR-γ also increases adiponectin (Combs et al., 2002; Iwaki et al., 2003), which orchestrates both glucose and lipid homeostasis (Tomas et al., 2002; Kadowaki et al., 2006); resulting in the reduction of lipid accumulation and improvement of insulin sensitivity. The gene discussed is ADIPOQ; the disease is diabetes mellitus.