Thus, we can affirm that unique IV immunization with live-attenuated ΔLikh1 parasites is able to seroconvert mice and induce a protective cell immune response with IL-17A release responsible for the protection of exposition and subsequent mice infection by virulent L. infantum opening new possibility for the development of a potent and effective vaccine against visceral leishmaniasis. This evidence concerns the gene IL17A and visceral leishmaniasis.