CD4 and in situ carcinoma: To test whether the observed regulation of immune cell transcriptomes by VitD had direct connections to mechanisms of CNS autoimmunity in humans, we compared the level of enrichment of VitD-dependent DE genes in PWD cells within the set of transcripts that were reported to be upregulated or downregulated in CD4 T cells isolated from early onset MS patients (clinically isolated syndrome; MS-CIS) relative to healthy controls (MS-CIS signature genes) (53).