KLK3 and neoplasm: Prostate DRE stimulates the release of gland fluids, tumour cells, tumour enriched nucleic acid and peptides/proteins into the urine, and PCA3, calculated as the ratio of two mRNAs (PCA3/PSA) released into the urine after DRE, seems to be useful in predicting the diagnosis of PCa at the first or second biopsy [5, 21].