AKT1 and pancreatic neoplasm: Since a majority of studies on the potential role of PI3K-PDPK1-AKT signal transduction in a number of malignancies, including pancreas cancer, found that activation state measured as phosphorylation rather than amplification or overall expression levels to be clinically significant, we re-examined staining pattern of PDPK1 for membranous vs cytoplasmic staining.