It is plausible that STAT4 allele variants [such as rs11889341-T in SLE (59)] might be directly involved in the exaggeration of Tfh response, for example, by increasing their signaling efficacy and/or stability of STAT4 in CD4+ T cells stimulated by IL-12 and/or IL-23. This evidence concerns the gene STAT4 and systemic lupus erythematosus.