TNF and hydrops fetalis: The blood levels of total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) + very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-C), VLDL-C, LDL-C, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), TC/HDL-C, and TNF-α were significantly upregulated in the HF diet group, which could be significantly reversed by both low- and high-MW chitosan supplementations.