PIK3CA and lung adenocarcinoma: As above stated, these molecular studies have shown that in a significant proportion of lung adenocarcinomas recurrent mutations of driver genes have been identified, including KRAS and NRAS mutations, mutations in ERBB2, BRAF, PIK3CA and AKT1, recurrent gene fusions involving ROS1 and RET, MET amplification, MEK1 and AKT1 mutations.