For instance, TAp73 can co-operate with proto-oncogenes such as c-Jun to transactivate AP-1 target genes like cyclinD1 (refs. 9,10), or transactivate genes involved in the pentose phosphate pathway, to promote tumour cell proliferation.11 In addition, it was recently shown that TAp73 is capable of transactivating angiogenic target genes in response to hypoxia, thereby supporting tumour growth.12,13. Here, JUN is linked to neoplasm.