Deletion of Nox2 or apocynin (a selective Nox inhibitor) treatment prevented diabetes-induced increases in ROS and ICAM-1 levels as well as retinal leukostasis and vascular leakage, suggesting that Nox2 is a key player in pathological conditions characterized by retinal vascular inflammatory reactions (Al-Shabrawey et al., 2008). The gene discussed is CYBB; the disease is diabetes mellitus.