The ethnic differences in minor allele frequency of -1131 T > C SNP, from 35.3% in Japanese [55] and 28.3% in Chinese populations [52] to 12.8% in a Turkish population [56] and 7.5% in Caucasian populations [57], may explain this discrepancy, suggesting an ethnic-specific effect of genetic variants in APOA5 on the risk of metabolic syndrome. Here, APOA5 is linked to metabolic syndrome.