Here, we investigated the role of FMOD in cardiac remodeling responses in myocardial biopsies from HF patients, in vivo by subjecting FMOD knock-out (FMOD-KO) mice to aortic banding (AB), and in vitro by adenoviral overexpression of FMOD in CM and cardiac fibroblast (CFB) primary cultures. This evidence concerns the gene FMOD and hydrops fetalis.