SMAD4 and neoplasm: Because PDAC is characterized by several genetic mutations such as KRAS (90%), CDK2NA (90%), TP53 (75–90%), and SMAD4/DPDAC4 (50%),25 various other targets are expressed on PDAC including integrin αvβ6, EGFR, and uPAR.10 Once results from other clinical studies using different tumor-specific agents become available, a cocktail of selected agents likely will be used in a personalized manner to increase the yield of fluorescence imaging.5 In addition, the targeting of tumor stroma could be pursued to increase sensitivity.