Both univariable and multivariable logistic regression models confirmed that IL-34 level was still a significant risk factor for cardiac dysfunction in patients with CAD, including when adjusted for age, sex, BMI, current smoking, history of hypertension, history of DM, history of dyslipidemia, medication, WBC, and levels of hsCRP, HbA1c, hemoglobin, albumin, LDL-C, and eGFR. This evidence concerns the gene ALB and metabolic syndrome.