Although the specific target of NBP is unknown, accumulative studies suggest that NBP ameliorates cognitive dysfunction in ischemic animal models, as well as transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (3xTg mice and APP/PS1 mice), by inhibiting oxidative damage, rescuing synaptic dysfunction, reducing inflammatory, and alleviating neuron loss (Peng et al., 2007, 2010; Wang et al., 2016; Zhao et al., 2016). The gene discussed is APP; the disease is Alzheimer disease.