VEGFA and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: As stated above, several experiments have demonstrated that the administration of VEGF may alleviate motoneuronal degeneration in ALS animal models (Azzouz et al., 2004; Storkebaum et al., 2005; Tovar-y-Romo et al., 2007; Dodge et al., 2010; Tovar-y-Romo and Tapia, 2010) and that ChAT is also downregulated in ALS patients (Nagata et al., 1982; Kato, 1989; Clark et al., 1990; Virgo et al., 1992; Oda et al., 1995; Oda, 1999).