In addition, based on reduced insulin responses, reduced inflammatory markers and improved subjective appetite ratings in the HP group compared to the LP group (independent of intervention), the results of the current study suggest that higher Prevotella/Bacteroides ratio may be advantageous with respect to cardiometabolic regulation, and may play a preventive role in the development of obesity, T2D and CVD. This evidence concerns the gene INS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.