The oncogenic roles of fibulin-3 have been shown to be related to the increased expression of MMP-2 via NF-kappaB activation in osteosarcoma [65], activation of AKT and MAPK pathways in pancreatic cancer [50], activation of NOTCH signaling in gliomas [66] and regulation of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-5 expression in bladder cancer metastasis [67]. This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and central nervous system cancer.