Our previous reports on the identification of biomarkers ofchemotherapy resistance in HGSC revealed that a pre-existing active T helper type Itumour immune microenvironment (TME) is associated with increased chemotherapyresponse, progression-free survival and OS in HGSC.3,5,6These findings also confirmed the significance of a type I interferon(IFN1)-associated transcriptional profile with an enrichment of chemokine genes,CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 key to the recruitment of tumour infiltrating lymphocytes(TIL). The gene discussed is CXCL10; the disease is neoplasm.