Previously, a genome-wide gene expression study on T:E fusion-positive prostate cancer samples performed in two prostate cancer cohorts identifies a specific T:E fusion gene signature that is associated with estrogen receptor (ER) signaling and also the T:E fusion expression could be modulated by ER ligands in AR-negative NCI-H660 cells, implying that the T:E expression can be regulated by an ER-dependent mechanism [22]. The gene discussed is ESR1; the disease is Familial prostate cancer.