However, recently, we reported that PARK2 (not PINK1) is the dominant regulator of CSE-induced mitophagy in vitro, (Araya J et al., manuscript in submission) and decreased PARK2 levels (not PINK1 levels) were associated with lung function of COPD patients, suggesting that decreased PARK2 plays pivotal roles in COPD pathogenesis. This evidence concerns the gene PINK1 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.