BAL cells from CS patients showed significant enrichment in several pathways related to inflammatory responses, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathways, inflammatory responses, cytokines, immune responses, chemokines, interleukin-8-like domain, and the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway (Figure 2B). The gene discussed is CXCL8; the disease is Cowden syndrome 1.