According to the studies by Yuval et al., cases of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) (RR = 3.12), pregnancy hypertension (RR = 6.09), and spontaneous miscarriage (RR = 8.76) were observed when the level of PAPP-A was at <0.25 MoM (Multiple of Median) [22]. Here, PAPPA is linked to hypertension, pregnancy-induced.