TGFB1 and schistosomiasis: Consequently, mice with schistosomiasis receiving LV-gra15II injection displayed a remarkable amelioration of liver granuloma formation and collagen deposition in association with downregulated expression of transforming growth factor-beta1, arginase 1 (Arg-1), α-smooth muscle actin, and an increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13).