Regarding the increased anti-HP antibody (Figure 1I) and the prominent macrophage functions (Bolland and Ravetch, 2000; Clatworthy et al., 2007; Surawut et al., 2017) in FcγRIIb-/- mice, the lower bacterial burdens and the more severe gastritis were expected in these mice compared with wild-type. Here, HP is linked to gastritis.