SMAD4 and colorectal carcinoma: PARK et al. [85] examined the methylation status of the APC gene along with other 4 genes including mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 (SMAD4), fragile histidine triad protein (FHIT), death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1), and E-cadherin in the peripheral blood plasma of 60 CRC patients, 40 patients with adenomatous and 60 healthy controls using methylation-specific PCR single-strand conformation polymorphism (MSP-SSCP) analysis.